Masato Kuroiwa, Shigeyuki Okazaki and Yohsuke Yoshioka

Behavior Characteristics in Walking at Corridor and Stairs in Restricted Visual Field

- Comparision with Walking in Normal Visual Field Wearing an Eye Camera -

The Japanese Journal of Ergonomics, Vol.37, No.1, pp.29-40, 2001.2 (in Japanese)

The role of peripheral vision while waking is clarified by comparing two experiments. The first studies visual behavior within a normal visual field and the second is conducted within a restricted visual field. In the first experiment the subject navigates a corridor and staircase wearing an eye camera, while in the second the same task is performed wearing a mask developed by the authors which has two small eye perforations restricting peripheral vision. A comparison of the results of the two experiments reveals the following behavior traits when the visual field is restricted: 1)a tendency to look at the floor when walking in a specified direction; 2)turning a corner when taking a detour; 3) reaching short of a step or of a doorknob by the foot or hand; 4) extreme slowing down before descending a staircase; 5) sliding the foot to find the first step before ascending. These findings clarify how peripheral vision helps in perceiving distance and spatial relationships between a body in motion and its surroundings.

Masato Kuroiwa, Toshitomo Suzuki, Hirotaka Masuda, Kazuhiko Yanagisawa and Shigeyuki Okazaki,

Behavior Characteristics in Walking at Corridor and Stairs in Restricted Visual Field

-Comparision with Walking in Normal Visual Field Wearing an Eye Camera-

Takashi Isshiki, Shigeyuki Okazaki, Masato Kuroiwa and Yohsuke Yoshioka,

A Development of the Way of Experiments for Investigating the Caracteristics of Walking

- A Study for Characteristics of Walking under the Restricted Visual Field of View No.1 -

Summaries of technical papers of Annual Meeting Architectural Institute of Japan, E-1, pp.1071-1072, 2000.9 (in Japanese)

Yohsuke Yoshioka, Shigeyuki Okazaki, Masato Kuroiwa and Takashi Isshiki,

A Study of Property of Behavior Walking through the Corridor and Staircase

- A Study for Characteristics of Walking under the Restricted Visual Field of View No.2- 　

Summaries of technical papers of Annual Meeting Architectural Institute of Japan, E-1, pp.1073-1074, 2000.9 (in Japanese)

Yohsuke Yoshioka and Shigeyuki Okazaki,

The Area of Visual Field Used for Walking through a Corridor and Staircases

The Japanese Journal of Ergonomics, Vol.38, No.2 ,pp.104-111, 2002.4 (in Japanese)

While walking through a life space, it was assumed that different areas of visual field was applied and was used for walking at each situation with which pedestrian is faced. In this study, the visual area applied with each walking situation was checked by the method of "Restricted Visual Field". The following results were obtained: 1）The visual area is extended in different directions while walking through a corridor or through staircases. However, at every situation, the tendency of extending to "ear side" is found. 2）There are two information needed to exist in the same visual area to walk trough a corner or staircases more smoothly, "edge of corner" and the information beside the "edge"(back of the "edge"), "the first step before descending" and the information under the "step" (near body).

Yohsuke Yoshioka and Shigeyuki Okazaki,

Useful Field of View for Walking through a Corridor and Staircases

Technical Report of IEICE, Vol.102，No.44， pp.19-24，2002.5 (in Japanese)

While walking through a life space, it was assumed that different areas of visual field was applied and was used for walking at each situation with which pedestrian is faced. In this study, the visual area applied with each walking situation was checked by the method of "Restricted Visual Field". The following results were obtained.The visual area is extended in different directions while walking through the four situations in experimental route, a corridor or through staircases. While walking through “a corner” or “two corner”, the useful area of visual field is tend to extend in the directions “ear-side and nose-side”.While walking through “first step of a stair” or “down staircases”, the useful area of visual field is tend to extend in the directions “ear-side and lower-side”. These results were also obtained the tendency of extending to "ear side" at all of the four situations.

Takashi Isshiki, Yohsuke Yoshioka and Shigeyuki Okazaki,

A Development of Method for Investigating Direction of Visual Attention

-A Study for Visual Attention with Navigating a Corridor and Staircase No.1-

Summaries of technical papers of Annual Meeting Architectural Institute of Japan, E-1, pp.739-740, 2001.9 (in Japanese)

Yohsuke Yoshioka, Takashi Isshiki and Shigeyuki Okazaki,

Direction of Visual Attention at Each Walking Situation

-A Study for Visual Attention with Navigating a Corridor and Staircase No.2-

Summaries of technical papers of Annual Meeting Architectural Institute of Japan, E-1, pp.741-742, 2001.9 (in Japanese)

Yohsuke Yoshioka, Takashi Isshiki and Shigeyuki Okazaki,

The Role of Peripheral Visual Field while Walking through a Maze with Way-finding

The Japanese Journal of Ergonomics, Vol.39, No.1, pp.1-8, 2003.2 (in Japanese)

In this study, an experiment using the method of "Restricting visual field" was consisted in a maze in order to clarified the role of peripheral visual field while walking with way -finding. The following results were obtained: 1）Before learning the route, it is necessary to using peripheral visual field for perceiving a space near body or complexity. However, after learning, we can find characteristic information in a route for arriving at the goal without peripheral visual field. 2）We can do futility fixation by getting the information necessary to walk through a route, "a boundary between the wall and floor" and "a wall beside the body" with peripheral visual field. We also tend to get the "boundary" with central visual field before learning route, after learning, get the "boundary" with peripheral visual field.

Yohsuke Yoshioka, Takashi Isshiki and Shigeyuki Okazaki,

A Development of Method for Investigating Functions of Peripheral Visions in Way-finding

- Experiments for way-finding through a maze by the method of ”Restricted Visual Field” No.1 -

Summaries of technical papers of Annual Meeting Architectural Institute of Japan, E-1, pp.687〜688, 2002.8 (in Japanese)

Takashi Isshiki, Yohsuke Yoshioka and Shigeyuki Okazaki,

Comparison of Behaviors within a Restricted Visual Field and a Normal Visual Field in Way-finding

- Experiments for way-finding through a maze by the method of ”Restricted Visual Field” No.2 -

Summaries of technical papers of Annual Meeting Architectural Institute of Japan, E-1, pp.689〜690, 2002.8 (in Japanese)

Yohsuke Yoshioka, Takashi Isshiki and Shigeyuki Okazaki,

The Relationships between the Characteristic Behaviors in Walking through a Maze with Way-finding and the Two Visual Field, Central and Peripheral

The Japanese Journal of Ergonomics, Vol.39, No.1, pp.9〜15, 2003.2 (in Japanese)

There are relationships between characteristic behaviors observing while walking through a maze with way finding and the two visual fields, the central visual field and peripheral visual field. In this study, the relationships was tried to clarify by the way-finding experiment using the mask developed for restricting arbitrary area of visual field. The following results were obtained: 1）By using the central visual field, we can walk through a maze without walking into inside of a dead end, and we can notice an entrance of a byway. 2）By using the peripheral visual field, we can reach the destination without walking backward long distance. 3) By using both of the two visual field, we can walk through a maze without stopping walking and touching walls.