The exhibition of the Bamiyan Museum is divided into following four categories; nature and history, life, Islam and Buddhism.
　At the gallery of “Nature and History of Bamiyan”, the nature and history of the Bamiyan are exhibited. This gallery is the introductory room of the Bamiyan Museum, where the general information of the Bamiyan region will be introduced, and connects the exhibition rooms of the other three categories. The visitors understand the diversity of nature in the Bamiyan region, and interaction between people and nature.
　At the gallery of “Life in Bamiyan”, various goods such as clothes, carpets and kitchen tools, which show current life of the people in Bamiyan, production tools such as farming implements, transportation devices such as horse cart, and tools for cultural activities such as music instruments, will be exhibited.
　At the “Islamic Gallery”, ceramics and metal objects excavated from Shahr-i Gholghola and Shahr-i Zohak will be exhibited which show the Islamic culture in Bamiyan. Buddhism has gradually declined from 8th and 9th century in Bamiyan, then Islam has been adapted widely by the people. After that time, until when Bamiyan was invaded by Mongol and destroyed catastrophically, Bamiyan prospered as the center of this district and Islam culture and arts during the Ghaznaid dynasty, and following the Ghurid dynasty.
　Buddhism is supposed to be introduced into Bamiyan during the 2nd century, and Buddhist art and culture reached its golden age between the 5th and 8th centuries. The East and West Giant Buddhas, the seated Buddha, and the hundreds of caves decorated with brilliant mural paintings spread across the Bamiyan Great Cliff and the Bamiyan Valley. The reconstructed caves, mural paintings and decoration, replicas of the Giant Buddhas, manuscripts, and excavated objects will be exhibited.

　Cave N(a): Cave N(a) has a square plan and Laternen-decke ceiling. The mural paintings remain on the ceiling and walls even after the vandalism. Investigations of the cave by NRICPT revealed that the technique of oil paintings was applied to the mural paintings. The remarkable discovery proposes the earliest use of oil painting technique in the world. The ceiling will be reconstructed by a young researcher of the Tokyo National University of Fine Arts and Music, by using the materials and painting techniques of that time.
　Cave XI: Cave XI has an octagonal plan and a domed ceiling, which is typical of the Bamiyan caves. However, remarkable features of the cave are a niche and tambour that contained statues of Buddha. The molding is highly decorative with an arabesque design around the niche. The Cave XI will be reconstructed at full scale in the courtyard arranged at the center of the exhibition room.

• Guillaume Ducoeur (ed.) 2012: Autour de B?miy?n, De la Bactriane helle´nise´e a` l'Inde bouddhique, Editions De Boccard.
• Michael Petzet 2009: The Giant Buddhas of Bamiyan: Safeguarding the Remains, Monuments and Sites XIX, Baessler, Hendrik Verlag.
• NRICPT 2006: Inventory for Bamiyan Mural Painting Fragment, Japan Center for International Cooperation in Conservation, National Research Institute for Cultural Properties, Tokyo.
• NRICPT 2007: Preliminary Report on the Safeguarding of the Bamiyan Site 2006: 6th and 7th Missions, Recent Cultural Heritage Issues in Afghanistan Preliminary Report Series 2, Japan Center for International Cooperation in Conservation, National Research Institute for Cultural Properties, Tokyo.
• NRICPT 2009: Preliminary Report on the Conservation of the Bamiyan Birch Bark Buddhist Manuscripts, Recent Cultural Heritage Issues in Afghanistan Preliminary Report Series 5, Japan Center for International Cooperation in Conservation, National Research Institute for Cultural Properties, Tokyo
• NRICPT 2013: Structure, Design and Technique of the Bamiyan Buddhist Caves, Recent Cultural Heritage Issues in Afghanistan, Volume 5, National Research Institute for Cultural Properties, Tokyo, Archetype Publications.
• Sigeyuki Okazaki et al. 2013: Bamiyan Museum and Culture Center for People, report for 12th Bamiyan Expert Working Group Meeting, Department of Architecture, Mukogawa Women's University.
• Shinichi Mizuno et al. 1964: Ancient Art of Afghanistan, Nihon Keizai Shimbun Inc.